Which document is essential for the legal creation of a commercial company?

The Articles of Incorporation is the document essential for the legal creation of a commercial company. This document is filed with the relevant governmental authority, typically a state or national business registry, and it serves as the formal foundation upon which a corporation is established. It outlines key details such as the company's name, purpose, and structure, including information about shares and powers granted to the directors and shareholders.

Without the Articles of Incorporation, a company does not exist as a separate legal entity. This document ensures that the business has legal recognition and the necessary rights to operate, engage in contracts, and even sue or be sued in its own name.

In contrast, a Shareholder Agreement typically outlines the relationship between shareholders and the rules governing their rights and obligations, but it is not what creates the company legally. A Partnership Deed operates for partnership structures, detailing the workings and responsibilities among partners but is not applicable to corporations. A Business Plan provides a strategic approach to running the business but does not have any legal standing in forming a company. Overall, the Articles of Incorporation is the definitive document required for the formal establishment and legal existence of a commercial company.